ELBOW JOINT

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ELBOW JOINT

FEATURES

The elbow joint is a hinge variety of synovial joint between the lower end of humerus and upper end of radius and ulna .

ARTICULAR SURFACES

UPPER 

The capitulum and trochlea of the humerus. Radial fossa just above the capitulum allows for radial head fitting in the radius fossa in extreme flexion . The coronoid fossa lies above the trochlea allows the ulna fits into it in extreme flexion.

LOWER

1- Upper surface of the head of the radius articulates with the capitulum.
2- Trochlear notch of ulna articulateswith the trochlea of the humerus

LIGAMENTS

1- Capusular ligament-   It holds the radius, ulna together. It maintains the constant tension during pronation and supination movement of forearm.

2-Ulnar collateral ligament- It is triangular in shape and have three bands - anterior, posterior or inferior bands.

3-Radial colateral  ligament-It is fan shaped band extendedfrom the lateral epicondyl to the capusular ligament.

RELATIONS

Anteriorly: Brachialis, median nerve, tendon of bicep brachii.

Posteriorly: Tricep brachii and anconeus.

Medially: Ulnar nerve, common flexors.

Laterally: Supinator, common extensors.

NERVE SUPPLY

  1. Ulnar nerve
  2. Median nerve
  3. Radial nerve
  4. Musculocutaneous  nerve through its branches to the brachialis.

BLOOD SUPPLY

From anastomoses around the elbow joint

MOVEMENTS

1. Flexion 
2. Extension

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